Topics For Writing An Essay For First Graders

Subjects For Writing An Essay For First GradersHow would you be able to compose a paper for first graders? Papers are composed to communicate and pass on thoughts that first graders know well, yet that grown-ups will in general overlook. It is just with a grown-up that a ton of these ideas might be overlooked, as they are the sort of things that individuals by and large acknowledge as realities absent a lot of thought. Be that as it may, with a little youngster, the data might be totally different, so there must be manners by which to compose an article for first graders.Because it is an age where the language is constrained, small kids don't have numerous words to communicate, to such an extent that occasionally they can go through pictures and drawings to make for the absence of words. Henceforth, many composing practices depend on word issues, where one gets the chance to concoct a wide range of sentences and words. You may take a paper composed by a little youngster and afterward contrast it with that of an adult.The same is valid with the subjects of the articles. This may shift starting with one article then onto the next, contingent upon what is essential to the little youngster. For instance, a few articles are expounded on creatures, while others are about toys, and so forth. Numerous little youngsters, when they are more youthful, appreciate the assortment of subjects that are accessible for composing a paper for first graders. A portion of these points incorporate the utilization of numbers, places and time, or pictures and sounds.These sorts of papers are helpful practice for those of us who are guardians. The way that the kids have just had involvement with composing papers implies that their composing capacity is now very much created. This can be a resource for you as a parent with regards to helping them express themselves.As a parent, you should know about how to compose a paper for first graders, on the grounds that not all kids can plunk down and compose a long article. Be that as it may, they despite everything have a characteristic capacity to get their musings down on paper, which may not generally be the situation with grown-ups. It can likewise give you understanding into the amount more you should show your youngsters around there, and what they ought to expect.If you are thinking about showing your kid how to compose an exposition, consider getting them engaged with a different article meeting, where they are given a lot of points, and are gotten some information about every subject. There are various acceptable sites where you can download an example exposition that you would then be able to follow. It will assist your youngster with remembering the things that they have to cover and assist them with building up an awareness of other's expectations for composing an article for first graders.Since composing an exposition for first graders is a particular subject, there are various sites that give help to this rea son. Ensure that you invest some energy investigating the various locales and search for the best ones. It is significantly increasingly significant that you set aside the effort to choose the site that will make your youngster the most happy.A great paper is one that permits the kid to communicate their perspectives and their thoughts. On the off chance that you need to show your kid how to compose an exposition, at that point you need to instruct them to compose well. Get some answers concerning the subjects for composing an exposition for first graders, and afterward check whether you can apply what you figure out how to a solitary article, or a progression of papers.

How to Choose Good Gwu Essay Samples

Step by step instructions to Choose Good Gwu Essay SamplesOnline article composing administrations or Gwu exposition tests have as of late been acquainted as a reaction with the requests for greater online papers. This is currently conceivable in light of the fact that understudies can now unreservedly get to these articles for a little expense. Besides, the site offers a free examination manual on the off chance that the understudy has any issues in setting up the paper. The organization guarantees that it has the best of authors who can make a choice paper on any topic.The first thing that one needs to do before choosing Gwu exposition tests is to pick a solid web based composing administration. One should search for specific attributes, for example, regardless of whether the administrations give test expositions on a specific theme, or whether they can give more than one sort of article. It is additionally imperative to search for a site that gives you a point by point value list just as data about conveyance times and editing services.The nature of the Gwu composing administration site ought to likewise be checked in light of the fact that the examples will frequently contain straightforward sentences. These low quality articles may not be useful for most understudies as a result of the absence of language and sentence structure. The articles are planned by local English speakers, so they are ideal for understudies without understanding them. The exposition is equipped towards the understudy's present degree of scholastic turn of events, so the paper is anything but difficult to understand.Writing an article isn't something that is anything but difficult to get a handle on for all understudies. It takes long stretches of concentrating just to have the option to compose a decent exposition. Along these lines, one must know precisely what is normal from him. In the event that he can't ensure that the Gwu article tests will be a helpful asset for him, at that point it is better for him to search for other composing administrations that offer various sorts of essays.A great composing administration gives understudies an instructional exercise on composing a paper and how to make it simpler for his whole investigation time. The exploration that is directed is additionally generally excellent methods for deciding the sort of article that can be composed by an understudy. Regardless of whether he is definitely not a local English speaker, the exploration assists understudies with improving their composing aptitudes. Understudies can likewise decide to utilize the exploration report instead of a unique article in their last papers.It is significant for understudies to recollect that the examination of an exposition test is crafted by an expert and along these lines he ought to consistently ask consent before doing whatever else to the examination. This is particularly evident if the understudy needs to counsel a coach who has involvement with composing on specific points. All sites that offer Gwu paper tests likewise offer help through email and forums.The author ought to likewise observe the guidelines of punctuation in Gwu exposition tests on the grounds that the principles are not quite the same as one article to another. A decent examination report additionally contains an exact and sorted out rundown of the considerable number of words that are utilized in the paper and the specific spelling of the relating letters. Every one of these components are important to dodge plagiarism.To have the option to decide the legitimacy of the Gwu article tests, it is essential to deliberately peruse the site's examination and the exposition that has been composed. Make sure to contrast this and the task before presenting the paper.

Essay Topics for College Students

Paper Topics for College StudentsEvery year toward the start of October, school and secondary school understudies from the nation over show up in the urban areas and towns of North and South Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, and Maryland, to participate in the yearly US Soccer exposition composing rivalries. Presently in its ninth year, the Essay Writing Competition is a fun and testing rivalry which permit you to present your main 10 papers dependent on soccer as the subject. For every theme, you are permitted three (3) papers, and relying upon what number of you win, you can get a money prize or a blessing certificate.The Essay Writing Competition isn't the best way to locate the ideal soccer article subject. You can utilize the World Cup as a setting for composing. In the event that you have a most loved soccer group or player, at that point expounding on them can be an intriguing method to compose an essay.In expansion to article subjects, paper challenges f or undergrads are normal and for the most part open to the overall population. Understudies are required to compose 500 words on a subject identified with the course in which they are enlisted, and should present their assignments before the due date. Most expositions are decided on the innovation of the data, however some secondary school understudies compose articles in rivalries that are somewhat more focused.Essay challenges for undergrads, particularly those taking propelled courses, for example, financial aspects or brain research, permit the understudy to compose a paper on any point that fits inside the extent of the class, and on a theme that the person in question feels enthusiastic about. These expositions are typically shorter than those composed for school. Notwithstanding the opposition, exposition rivalries for undergrads give some excellent criticism that can be a significant asset for understudies hoping to sharpen their composing skills.Writing with energy is a sig nificant key to winning paper challenges for undergrads. Your article ought to rouse perusers to pose inquiries and give the peruser something to consider. All things considered, the objective of the Essay Writing Competition is to rouse individuals to accomplish something beneficial; an incredible article can inspire and energize perusers to take an interest in a genuine business or escape the house.The most ideal approach to begin with a soccer paper subject is to just get the show on the road. When you've chosen a point, compose an article about it. Attempt to invest however much energy as could be expected doing research and considering your point, just as utilizing your own innovative contemplations and ideas.Write a blueprint of the whole subject, where you spread out what your particular thought is, and afterward return and substance it out. This progression is vital in light of the fact that it will provide you guidance and structure as you compose. Furthermore, you can gene rally return and reconsider your paper on the off chance that you have to make changes to it.Writing rivalries for understudies taking more elevated level courses will in general require more arranging, just as progressively definite exploration on the subject of your article. Ensure that you utilize the entirety of the apparatuses accessible to you to plan for the opposition. Ensure that you comprehend and make the most of each open door that you need to compose and improve your composing abilities.

Persuasive Essay Topics About Gun Control - Can You Make a Point With It

Powerful Essay Topics About Gun Control - Can You Make a Point With It?The theme for your convincing article about weapon control is consistently a major thought, since this is something that will represent the deciding moment your contention. Since such a large number of individuals are against weapons in schools, a solid contention needs to point out that firearms are a risk and should be controlled. In this article I'll survey a portion of the principle contentions against weapon control and check whether there is any fact in them.When the subject for your powerful paper on firearm control will be weapons, you ought to consistently attempt to utilize your supposition. On the off chance that you've never claimed a firearm or even possessed one before, you're not a decent possibility to discuss how magnificent weapons are and how it is incredible to have them in schools. This is on the grounds that the subject must be based on the open great of ensuring kids, and this isn't a thing that could be said by any individual who has ever possessed a gun.This is additionally a decent contention against the contention of why weapons are so awful, in light of the fact that they are not intrinsically terrible. Weapons can be a major assistance to cops in circumstances where there is no other decision. This is a decent contention, yet just in the event that we can appropriately analyze what that truly means.As a cop, I could reveal to you that they are similarly as valuable as different devices, however the main issue with this is they can likewise be utilized to hurt a cop. On the off chance that the cop goes out to make a medication bust, does he likewise remove the weapons of the individuals he should be working with? Obviously not.What about with their 'work' as law requirement officials? On the off chance that that official is prepared to utilize destructive power on those residents the person in question should secure, at that point these weapons are a genuine dange r to open safety.While we as a whole realize that law authorization officials can never utilize their firearms against blameless residents, this doesn't imply that they ought to be made to utilize them in circumstances where their lives might be put in danger for the open great. At the point when they do this, it implies that the weapons they convey will be more hazardous than any time in recent memory, and this is something very similar that will happen to all of us in the event that we convey guns.But regardless of whether there were no firearms, there would in any case be a decent contention against weapon control. Why?The just thing we can sensibly make certain of about any law against weapon control is that on the off chance that it is passed, it will never be upheld. This is on the grounds that lawbreakers definitely realize that they won't be halted by equipped cops, thus they will just continue on ahead with or without weapons. It is dependent upon us to get the lawmakers ou t when they cause a law that we to feel makes our general public more perilous than it as of now is.

List of Topics For an Essay

Rundown of Topics For an EssayA rundown of themes for an article is an assortment of subjects that you don't know about. It is a simple and compelling approach to complete your exposition without stressing over being left with a heap of papers that you don't have the foggiest idea how to manage. Recollect that when composing an article, you are allowed to go anyplace you need. For whatever length of time that you can make a rundown of points that you have to begin on the article, you ought to be fine.The first theme that you should start with is the fundamentals of your specific subject. This is an approach to begin on the fundamental piece of the exposition. What is the essential reason of your essay?Once you have decided a specific point for your paper, the subsequent stage is to thought of a blueprint for your article. So as to follow a blueprint, you should think of your focuses and how you intend to relate those focuses to your fundamental reason. A diagram will give you a strai ghtforward layout of how your paper will go. It additionally permits you to compose your considerations and data in a manner that is simpler to follow.Next, you have to choose what strategy you are going to use for the exposition. On the off chance that you are going to utilize a conventional strategy for paper composing, at that point you may need to compose the exposition without anyone else. Or on the other hand, in the event that you are going to utilize an online assistance, for example, Pad, you will have the option to skirt the vast majority of the paper composing and simply complete your article. There are numerous approaches to do this, and it is an individual choice. You should settle on the decision that is directly for you.After that, you should choose what design you need your article to be in. There are numerous choices accessible for you. Ifyou are going to utilize a conventional configuration, you will likely be required to type the article out and afterward mail it to the supplier for their endorsement. On the off chance that you are going to utilize an online help, at that point you can simply look into your article on the web and afterward print it out.After you have chosen what structure you are going to utilize, you should pick a specific rundown of themes for your paper. This is the most significant piece of the procedure. There are sure subjects that you can utilize, and there are sure points that you can't use.If you don't have a clue what sorts of subjects you can utilize, at that point you should get familiar with them. In the event that you have just decided, at that point you should feel free to pick a particular exposition topic.After you have chosen a theme and afterward chose a rundown of subjects for a paper, at that point you are good to go. You should simply peruse the article and afterward read it over again to ensure that you comprehend the fundamentals and that you don't miss anything.

University Application Essay Samples - How to Get Good College Essay Examples

College Application Essay Samples - How to Get Good College Essay ExamplesA part of individuals are interested about school and college application expositions. This is on the grounds that these letters ought to be composed as a methods for get-together the correct data for applying to the school you have picked. In this manner, they ought to be very much organized and concise.There are an assortment of expositions that you can use to accumulate the data that you will requirement for your papers. Numerous schools have numerous papers accessible, however each school might be unique. So as to locate a decent exposition, it is essential to initially assemble data about the school you are applying to.The most ideal approach to accumulate data about your school is to ask the confirmations office or mentor to give you some article tests. Numerous understudies are scared by composing a school exposition, so they dither to request article tests. It is critical to realize that there are a lot of assets accessible online that can assist you with your paper. A large portion of these assets can be found by heading off to the Internet.When you go on the web, you ought to have the option to discover paper tests that can assist you with your article. The Internet is brimming with sites that offer paper models. There are various free assets that you can access to assist you with your essay.If you are not kidding about discovering great exposition tests, ensure that you read through every site that you go over. You ought to have the option to discover test papers that can assist you with your article. The more examination you do, the more ready you will be the point at which you go to compose your essay.To get a decent measure of free paper tests, you should monitor the sites that offer them. You ought to have the option to discover in any event one asset online that offers more than one kind of article test. Something else that you ought to know about is that numerous sites ju st offer exposition tests that were created years back. This implies you can't utilize these models in your essay.Since there are numerous spots that can offer exposition tests, you should attempt to get however many of them as would be prudent. Along these lines, you will have the option to get the exposition tests that you requirement for your paper without paying an excess of cash. Numerous individuals will pay many dollars for a solitary exposition, so paying a couple of dollars to get the materials that you need is a simple choice.When you think about the free paper tests, you will have the option to locate the ones that are generally reasonable for your circumstance. This is significant in light of the fact that you need to realize the ones that are going to work best for you. You should attempt to get the most pertinent materials when you are composing your exposition.

Essay Topics for Education

Paper Topics for EducationEssay themes have become so basic that numerous understudies don't set aside the effort to consider what the article ought to be about and why. On the off chance that an understudy is still at school, they will probably be finding out about points in an assortment of subjects and themes. Along these lines, understudies are off guard with regards to picking a subject since they definitely know the data they have to make their point interesting.When it comes to paper themes, it is ideal to find out about the essentials and comprehend why the subject is significant. An understudy who can't comprehend why a subject is imperative to them or why they should focus on a point will be lost with regards to composing the exposition. A paper that isn't engaged won't be an elegantly composed one. By getting familiar with the point, the understudy will have the option to assemble the establishment of the article by knowing why the theme is important.Students can get a wid e range of subjects to expound on. For instance, they could pick a subject about cash. They could expound on their financial plan for the coming year or how they might want to go through their Christmas cash. This sort of point is something the understudy has seen and might be hard to change.Some of the most famous subjects incorporate religion, legislative issues, and sex. Understudies ought to likewise think about composing regarding topography and history. They ought to have the option to clarify why these points are significant and why the peruser should focus on the topic.One exceptional theme is a fanfiction. This kind of exposition centers around the fanfic organization and gives instances of what fans do when they compose fanfiction about their preferred characters. This is an incredible method to discuss an anecdotal point as well as give instances of how a genuine author composes an article on the equivalent topic.Essaytopics don't need to be general themes. Understudies c an decide to talk about subjects that they appreciate perusing or watch on TV. They can likewise decide to discuss their preferred film, network show, computer game, or comic book.Teachers ought to likewise know about the significance of explicit themes and engage in conversations about how these points are educated. Numerous instructors are amazed when understudies raise certain themes during class. An educator ought to have the option to raise the theme at a conversation about how understudies will get familiar with a particular subject in the class.Writing is an important expertise for any understudy to learn. Understudies can likewise profit by benefiting as much as possible from the subjects that are a piece of their instruction. By picking themes that are intriguing and dependent on their interests, understudies will have the option to add another point of view to their composition.

Analysing a Company DHL - Free Essay Example

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The aim of this strategic planning document is to thoroughly analyze a company and based on the analysis find the right strategy that fits the companys business purpose and mission. The right strategy, depending at what is directed, should help the company strengthen its position on the market; increase profits; help with further development. If a company implements a wrong strategy, it can cause bad damage or it can have huge financial impact on the company which could even end up in bankruptcy, which wipes the company off the market. The company chosen for this paper is DHL Express with focus on European region. DHL is part of the Deutsche Post DHL (further DP DHL) brand/group. The reason why I have chosen DHL for the Strategic Planning Document is that I have been working for DP DHL group for four years. I work specifically for IT Services which is the service line that internally supports the whole IT technology of the whole DP DHL group. ABOUT THE COMPANY DHL was founded in San Francisco exactly 40 years ago by 3 budding entrepreneurs Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom and Robert Lynn. It went from small company shipping papers by airplane from San Francisco to Honolulu1 to global company shipping EVERYTHING around the world. DHL delivers time-critical shipments as well as goods and merchandise by road, rail, air or sea. DHL transports courier and express shipments via one of the worlds most extensive networks to over 220 countries and territories. The company employs more than 300,000 employees all around the world. DHL Express provides wide range of easily accessible services and solutions for their customers; from transport of letters, information to transport of parcels and goods. It operates in more than 220 countries around the world and employs more than 100,000 employees. DHL Express is number one in Europe with 25% of market share. Brief history 2 1969 DHL founded by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom and Robert Lynn in San Francisco; 1974 The first UK office opened in London. Globally, DHL had more than 3,000 customers; 1979 DHL extends its services to delivering packages. Only document services had been available until now. 1983 DHL is the first air express forwarder to serve Eastern European countries. An international distribution centre was opened in Cincinnati, USA; 1985 A state of the art hub was opened in Brussels. More than 165,000 shipments are handled per night 1998 Deutsche Post became a shareholder in DHL; 2002 Deutsche Post World Net became the major shareholder in DHL and 100% shareholding was completed by the end of the year. DHL: Our Company Portrait [online]. Available at www: https://www.dhl.com/publish/g0/en/about/history.high.html DHL: Steps to success [online]. Available at www: https://www.dhl.com/publish/g0/en/about/history/history2.high.html 2005 DP DHL acquires Exel, the British logistics corporation. Exel primarily offers transport and logistics solutions for key customers; 2008 DHL opens new state of art European air hub at Leipzig/Halle Airport in Germany. DHL legally operates under Groups title defined as Deutsche Post AG and uses its brand name DHL. As previously mentioned DHL is part of DP DHL group and is formed by 3 divisions: Express, Global Forwarding, Freight and Supply Chain supported by internal services Global Business Services. Mail is a standalone division that is part of Deutsche Post brand. All four divisions together create Deutsche Post DHL as the picture below describes. DP DHL: Corporate Presentation, October 2009, p. 3 [online] Available at www. https://wcms.intra.dpwn.net/wcms/services/folder15912337/bundle1881176 DHL has a divisional form of structure. The DP DHL group is organized into four operating divisions, each of which operates under the control of its own divisional headquarters. The Group management functions are performed by the Corporate Center. Management responsibilities are structured in accordance with decision-making, responsibility and reporting lines: Board departments Corporate departments Business departments Service departments Regions Departments DHL Express provides standardized products and services courier, express and parcel (CEP) both locally and globally depending on the country. Whether it is document or parcel, road or air, DHL Express provides several different types of services that are divided to four basic groups: 1. Same Day An immediate pick-up of a shipment by a dedicated courier, with an emergency delivery within the same day via a dedicated network. 2. Time Definite Express door-to-door delivery by a certain time on an overnight or next possible business day basis. 3. Day Definite Reliable door-to-door delivery within a certain number of days 4. Optional Services Shipping convenience with a range of optional services to support your express transportation DP DHL: Annual Report 2008, p. 22 [online] Available at www.https://wcms.intra.dpwn.net/wcmsrepo/repo2836025/repo5006598/repo6566736/repoFolder197166013/deutsche_post_annual_report_2008.pdf DHL: Express Services Good afternoon [online]. Available at www: https://www.dhl.com/publish/g0/en/services/exp_services.high.html External Analysis Courier Express and Parcel (CEP) services exist in every single country around the world. It is neither country specific nor region specific industry. There are thousands of logistics companies operating locally or internationally around the world and Europe is not an exception. PESTLE PESTLE analysis is a view on external environment companies operates in. There are five external factors that influence life of organizations: Political environment, Economical environment, Socio-cultural environment, Legal environment and Environmental factor. The below PESTLE analysis focuses on CEP companies in European market. Political Environment European region is stable environment that is not affected by any significant political crisis in countries and no major changes in political structure are expected in near future. More than half of European states are integrated into European community, European Union and create one of the biggest single markets for trade and investment in the world. EU enlargement has removed border lines and has made trade and business more accessible for its members. It has brought greater opportunities for businesses, wider range of companies and benefits for their customers. EU has created closer links with immediate neighbors and enables bigger exports, free movement of services, payments and capital for trade and investment. Prior liberalization in 90s there were many national postal operators acting as monopolies. EU decided to start postal reform that firstly completely liberalized CEP market. Liberalization has enabled both national postal operators (Post Offices) and private postal c ompanies to enlarge their business portfolio into parcel and express market. This happens through acquisitions of well-established companies and smaller national companies. Exactly, as it happened to DHL through acquisition by Deutsche Post in 2002. Full liberalization in Europe will be completed by 2012 which gives current companies time to strengthen their positions, build new networks and gain wider portfolio of customers. EU has also built up confidence in European political and economical future of each member which enables companies to make longer term decisions, strategies and investment plans. Currently the CEP market is highly competitive and companies have to have capital to establish strong and powerful position in such an environment and have to have built up networks supported by the modernist technologies. Summary: Europe is stable environment where no major political changes are expected. Full liberalization of European postal market that will be finished by 2012 will bring more competition especially on domestic level. However, there is a potential to merge or acquire those companies operating in the local markets and increase market share. Big companies operating on international level have an advantage of built global networks and modern technology behind them. Economical Environment CEP is highly potential market and its growth is directly related to the level of GDP. Global trade is on the rising level and together with industrialization has made CEP services more important for majority of industries. Additionally, product life cycles have been reduced, quality awareness among customer is growing and in order to succeed companies are forced to maintain high quality standards. The global economic crises caused decline in economy and it has affected the entire logistics sector. Volume of shipments decreased and the recession slowed down the whole market. Even the big corporations have to fight with decreased revenues and change their investment plans and business strategies. Governments around Europe support investment plans by structural reforms and programs that encourage investors to invest. During the big economic crisis in 30s this did not happen and governments tended to act individually without multinational or even global cooperation. Todays econo mies learnt from those mistakes which help to lower the implications, increase customer demand and support start of growth. Due to the crisis companies changed their investment plans but did not stop them. Merges with smaller companies, agreements and strategic acquisitions represent one way of increasing the competitive advantage. Emerging markets represent big opportunity in long-term perspective. There is potential for investment and development in emerging markets and it is expected that industrialization will bring opportunities, the economy will growth and market for services will accelerate. The crisis negatively affects profits of every company on one hand but on the other hand big corporations with strong brand and position in the market have to exploit this opportunity. Smaller companies do not have potential to expand because they are in bigger risk of losing money or even bankruptcy if they fail. Big corporations are able to absorb that risk much easier. Companies have started to reduce cost and people have started losing their jobs. Restructuring of company structure is one of the way how to move forward. IT is core element of every company that operates in logistics industry. Companies have to invest huge amount of money to development and maintenance of their IT infrastructure. Recent trend leaves development in Europe and transfers hosting and maintenance of the infrastructure to Asia. Summary: Conclusion from the Economical environment analysis is that companies should not stop their investment plans because of economic crisis. It is important in current situation to strengthen position in the market and expand if possible. Emerging markets represent a potential of rapid economy growth. The risk of loss is the same for all companies but for big corporations is more acceptable. Reduction of cost is evitable for every company and restructuring or outsourcing are the ways of dealing with it. Socio-Cultural Environment The third aspect of PESTLE analysis focuses on forces within society. Social and cultural forces affect customers attitudes, interests and opinions. Companies must be able to offer products and services that aim to complement and benefit customers needs and wants. If they do not quickly respond to changes in society they will lose market share and demand for their product or service will decrease. Removing of border lines makes trade and business in Europe more accessible. Emerging markets are place that is constantly developing and rapidly growing. Although the infrastructure is not as developed as in Western countries, there will be improvement with economic growth. It is important for the company to establish its brand and achieve good and reliable image and service quality among its customers. The portfolio of services that is offered in developing countries is not usually complete and focuses on the biggest needs and wants of the business. Companies do not have the only affect and responsibility to their customers. There are different parts of society they are in contact with. There are needs of employees, investors and the society as a whole. Research Development department play an important role in this area. Customer satisfaction surveys, employee satisfaction surveys, market surveys help the company to build its brand and image, increase employees commitment and shape public awareness. CEP market and logistics industry play one of the key roles in the economic growth globally not only within European market. Increases in volumes of goods transport has lead to higher CO2 emissions which according to climate scientists have direct affect on global warming. It is social cost for the society and governments discourage those social costs with fines, taxes and legislation. Companies responsibility is to decrease these cost and work with more efficient and environmentally friendly means of transport. Social cost have negative affect on customers s pending but could be balanced by larger offer of environmental friendly oriented products. Summary: Social forces affect customers needs and wants and it is important for the company to know it and benefit from it. Therefore the role of Research Development is very important. Company has to respond to changes in society quickly not to loose market share and demand for services. Customer satisfaction surveys, market surveys, employee surveys play important role in building companys brand and image in the market. Border lines have been removed within EU and services are more accessible in the whole Europe. Emerging markets represent an opportunity for companies to enter and establish their brand and image. Additionally, there are also social costs for the society that companies have responsibility for. The affect on environment is significant and companies role is to decrease those costs by working with more efficient and environmentally friendly technology which is then balanced by larger portfolio of environmental friendly oriented customers. Technological Environment Technology environment is vital part of every business that rapidly moves it forward. Technological innovations have changed the world and manner in which every business operates. Technology has created society expecting immediate results. Information exchange between customers, companies, people or any stakeholders is faster. That gives benefit to businesses as they can react quickly to any changes in the operating environment. However, the ability to quickly react also brings extra pressure on companies because they are expected to deliver on time and without any delays. Customers in service industry have to continuously face new challenges in planning, managing and monitoring their business processes. Companies in CEP market (and not only there) started offering customized logistics solutions to meet challenges: for example safety transport of sensitive products such as pharmaceuticals and vaccines to the healthcare industry done within a temperature-controlled environment. O perations in logistics industry is not only about cars, vans and aircraft there are other parts of infrastructure that needs technological development and improvement: posting, collection, sorting, transport, warehousing, delivery and last but not least Information Technologies. IT is core. Speed and reliability are key success factors to be able to meet standards and quality and gain advantage among competition. It is important to pay special attention to IT area because service industry is fully dependent on it. Companies invest huge amount of money to development and maintenance of their IT infrastructure. As mentioned above IT is one of the key elements for logistics and operations processes. Systems must be accessible and available at all times; security is evitable unauthorized access to data and data manipulation must be prevented, to ensure that software is not delivered with defects or too late. Companies have to fight with decreased revenue and reduce their cost in tim es of economic crisis but importance of IT technology is so significant that they cannot stop investing in it. Otherwise there is a threat that they will fall behind and loose their market share. Outsourcing or in other words subcontracting is a way of reducing cost in IT area. Development of new technologies, software or applications goes to another organization. Usually, the company is specialized in software development. Or hosting and maintenance of applications or services are transferred to another company. The decision whether to do in-house or outsource is often based on achieving lower production cost and usage of available resources in better way and focus energy on the core competencies of the business. Summary: Modern technology and environment is key to success of the company that helps to maintain or gain competitive advantage. IT is the most important technology factor for logistics business because speed and reliability are equal to success. However, there is an indisputable constant threat of falling behind.Investments to the modernist technologies are evitable and in times of economic crisis are much more important then anytime before. Company has to decide if it runs internal IT organization or if it outsources most of the services and reduce cost. Legal Environment Legal rules play a role in nearly every aspect of companys operation from state regulations through contracts to treatment of employees. Legal factor is very important because companies work within legislative framework where legislation can either place numerous obligations or can create market conditions beneficial for business. CEP market is regulated by Postal directive applicable in all EU states. Full liberalization process will be completed by 2012 which gives current companies time to strengthen their position, build new networks and get more customers before new competition arrive. CEP market was fully liberalized during 90s and no special license or authorization is required in most of the EU countries. Ten states of EU require companies to receive explicit decision of National regulatory authority that is called general authorization that enables them to start operating in those countries but it does not represent a barrier. General authorization document contains sev eral conditions that are related to e.g. confidentiality of correspondence, restrictions on transport of dangerous goods, data protection standards, etc. As I said previously there are social cost for the society that must be balanced by companies obligations in terms of fines, taxes and additional legislations related to regulation of aircraft noise, regulations concerning emission standards, obligations to reduce greenhouse gas that forces companies to invest into more environmentally friendly means of transport. Summary: Legal factor is important for operations of every company. Companies have obligations like directives, taxes and rules that they must be aligned with to be able to operate in the market. Legal factor can either place numerous obligations on the company or can create market conditions beneficial for business. Liberalization is an example of the benefit. Removal of border lines together with liberalization enabled building and strengthening of positions in the logistics market. There are no special and expensive authorizations necessary in CEP industry which is another benefit for companies. On the other hand there are obligations that balance the above benefits in terms of fines, taxes and directives that are mainly related to environment. Companies are forced to invest into environmentally friendly operations. Environmental Analysis Transportation industry causes major impact on the green house gases in the atmosphere. Mobility has increased and brought many indisputable advantages that must be weighed against the social, economic and environment costs it causes. Countries issue legislation that forces companies to reduce emissions. Companies have started implementing projects that help them to find out ways how to reduce pollutions and to be compliant with issued legislation. Transportation companies are dependent on fossil fuels and to reduce their dependency they have to look for commercial vehicles and aircraft powered differently or non-conventionally. Change of vehicle is not the only option that would reduce air pollution there are other ways that companies could take: to make their business more efficient and effective, to reduce shipping time, to take uniform approach, to offer climate-neutral products or train employees. Research Development department plays important role in those projects be cause it helps to come up with new ideas, technologies, procedures and processes. Summary: Transportation industry has great effect on air pollution globally. It is undisputable fact and companies are forced to fulfill the requirements of governments to reduce their contribution on pollution of the global environment. Companies have started implementing projects that help them fulfill those requirements. Research Development department is key to the success of it. PESTLE Summary Based on the PESTLE analysis I have identified opportunities and threats that will be taken into account during the SWOT analysis. Opportunity: Full liberalization of European postal market that will be finished by 2012 brings new opportunities to increase market share by acquisitions or merges with other logistics companies or newly liberalized companies. Established companies wit big market share, global network and technology have competitive advantage. Opportunity: Border lines have been removed within EU and services are more accessible in the whole Europe. Emerging markets represent a potential of rapid economy growth therefore it is an opportunity for companies to enter and establish their brand and image and gain bigger market share. Threat: Role of Research Development department in the company is very important. Company has to respond to changes in society quickly not to loose market share and demand for services. Customer satisfaction surveys, market surveys, employee surveys play important role in building companys brand and image in the market. Threat: In times of economic crisis economy slowed down and revenue decreased. Reduction of cost is evitable for every company and restructuring or outsourcing are the ways of dealing with it. Threat: Social costs represent a responsibility of companies towards society. The affect of transportation and logistics companies on environment is significant and companies role is to decrease those costs by working with more efficient and environmentally friendly technology which is then balanced by larger portfolio of environmental friendly oriented customers. Companies are forced to invest into environmentally friendly operations by fines, taxes and directives placed by governments. Therefore, companies have started implementing projects that help them fulfill those requirements. Threat: Modern technology and environment is key to success of the company that helps to maintain or gain competitive advantage. IT is the most important technology factor for logistics business because speed and reliability are equal to success. However, there is an indisputable constant threat of falling behind. Investments to the modernist technologies are evitable and in times of economic crisis are much more important then anytime before. The role of Research Development is evitable here. Porters Five Forces Courier Express Market is highly competitive market and its growth is directly related to growth of GDP. Customers of logistics companies are demanding. Technology improvements reduce product life cycles, quality awareness among customer is growing and in order to succeed companies are forced to maintain high quality standards. DHL Express has three biggest competitors in CEP market. They are UPS, TNT and FedEx. As you can see in the Picture 2 below DHL Express has the highest market share of 25% as a single company in Europe. All four major competitors operate internationally and have global network with good and modern technology behind them. The picture below also shows us that third of the European market is dismantled among small and medium sized companies that operates independently. European market portrait Customers of logistics companies vary from individuals to big industrial or manufacturing companies. All of them expect that the delivery service will be simple and convenient and that the delivery will be on time without any delay and in a good quality. Customers are more and more demanding because range of suppliers is broadening and they are looking for customized and innovative solutions for delivery of their goods. DP DHL: Annual Report 2008, p. 58 [online] Available at www. https://wcms.intra.dpwn.net/wcmsrepo/repo2836025/repo5006598/repo6566736/repoFolder197166013/deutsche_post_annual_report_2008.pdf The range of offered products is wide but could be introduced in three basic categories: Courier services are fast, door-to-door pick up and delivery services of high-value goods or urgently required documents. Express services are time-sensitive, usually guaranteed services and have delivery time a specific day (in general the next day) and/or specific time. Parcel services are the transport of largely standardized packages with usually non-guaranteed delivery time of 2-3 days (Time-definite and Day-definite) Porters Five Forces mode will help me to analyze five forces that influence the logistics industry and better understand the environment in which DHL Express operates in and competitive advantage the company has or could gain. Threat of New Entrants HIGH CEP market is large and very attractive to business. Everyone needs to deliver package or parcel. Everyone needs to use courier. Logistics industry is important and dominates to the service sector. It is very easy to entry. There are no special legal barriers, patents or licenses necessary to run the business. There are exceptions as described in PESTLE analysis but those exceptions do not represent impossible to achieve requirements. The market is still growing and there is an assumption that will grow further. There are no border lines among members of EU which would threaten new companies to enter the CEP market. Company that wants to succeed in such a competitive environment has to have a good network that enables it to operate on local and international level. Good network requires time and financial investment. High technology standard is must. Companies have to protect themselves from the threats of new entrants therefore it is important for them to find ways to turn d isadvantages in their favor. They have to capitalize from their historical experience and try to find better ways to provide their service. Current big players in CEP market are well established leaders that have significant cost advantage that is unavailable for the new entrants. Large companies have buying power that allows them to offer discounts to their customers. Simply, bigger the business is lower average unit cost they are able to produce. Customers loyalty is another important factor that increases barriers to entry for other competitors. Loyal and satisfied customer will be unlikely tempted to go to competitors or new entrants. Established companies usually do business set on long-term partnerships and contracts. The basic rule says that customers get everything they need or want.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many advantages that economies of scale gives to big corporations but there are also limitations that must be taken into account. Those limitati ons give competitive advantage to smaller and medium sized companies. Large companies are very complex and with higher complexity the product range is widening. This makes it difficult to succeed and be the best. Specialization and innovative ideas are crucial. Large companies are also known for their high level of bureaucracy which gives smaller companies big advantage because they can satisfy customer faster and it is what matters in logistics industry. Also large companies have thousands of employees with different labor relations in every country which causes additional legal cost. In case of powerful workers union it can decrease power of the company and make their operation more difficult especially in time of restructuring. As I have mentioned modern technology is an important factor that significantly helps to increase market share and creates more barriers for new entrants. Outsourcing or off shoring are possibilities for companies to take advantage of other economies of scale and use their buying power and specialization in favor of further development. Summary: In summary, logistics market is large and is attractive to business because when GDP grows the demand for services grows. There is no special barrier to entry. In fact, it is very easy to entry. The market is still growing and there is an assumption that will grow further. Successful companies have built networks that enable them to operate on local and international level. Good network requires time and financial investment. High technology standard is must. Historical experience and appearance in the market is an advantage for companies like DHL. Big companies and corporations use economies of scale in their favor. Bigger company can provide higher discount and has lower profit. Customers loyalty is another important factor that increases barriers to entry for other competitors because of long-term partnerships and contracts. On the other hand there are also disadvantages for big companies that must be taken into account. Large companies are very complex and with higher com plexity the product range is widening. Specialization is an answer to it. Large companies are also known for their high level of bureaucracy which gives smaller companies big advantage. Bureaucracy slows down the whole process. Strong workers unions decrease power of the company and make its operation more difficult especially in time of restructuring. Modern technology helps to gain competitive advantage and be ahead of new entrants. Companies should take advantage of outsourcing or off shoring companies and use their buying power in favor of specialization and development. Threat of Substitute Products or Services HIGH Every customer has a choice when and what to buy. Substitute products or services create a ceiling on the price. Any need or want of the customer could be satisfied in different ways and it is up to the customer which company to choose. Threat of substitute products is very high in CEP market because range and price of offered products is similar. Customer can quite easily turn and goes to the competitor. Research Development department plays outstanding role for this aspect. It is important to know what customer wants and needs therefore customer satisfaction surveys must be held. Surveys help to identify the problem of substitute products and help to answer what substitute products customer considers. They help companies to better position themselves in the market and among customers, uncover customers perceptions, improve customers loyalty, or help to make technology and product improvements. For a company to be able to succeed in such a competitive environment it is impo rtant to know who the competitors are and what service they provide that could substitute the service they offer. It is also important to consider their benefits, price, weaknesses, constraints, limitations, reason for switching between products and barriers to switch. Based on that information, company can defend the threat easier and attract customer from another substitute service by innovation for example. It is important to communicate and educate customers about services the offer. Customers must be tempted to purchase and if they are loyal it would stop them from switching to another company. Marketing and Advertising is therefore highly important for this factor. Companies have to invest in building their brand and image to gain competitive advantage. Summary: The range of offered products and prices in logistics industry is similar. Therefore threat of substitute products is very high. Role of Research Development department is important and helps to identify what customer wants and needs, the problem of substitute products or answers what substitute product customer considers. Its role is also to get knowledge about competition and their offer. Based on that information, company can defend the threat easier and attract customer by the added value (innovation for example). Investment in Marketing and Advertising cannot be forgotten. These departments communicate and educate customers about brand and image of the company, about products that are in the offer. They help to gain competitive advantage. Bargaining Power of Customers HIGH Logistics industry is highly competitive and there are many companies that offer similar products. Customer has the power to decide if to pay high or low price, to decide between cheaper or more expensive company. And also customer has the power to walk away and make a deal with competitor. Loyalty increases when customers get better value or benefits for the same price. Therefore it is important to build customer satisfaction, build partnerships or provide discounts. Basically, any reduction of the price that customer negotiates means lower profit for the company. Customers are very sensitive to price and are willing to switch to the competitor very easily if the service, company offers, does not differentiate from any other service that can be purchased in the market. Price is the magic word that matters. Therefore it is important for the company to differentiate and offer something more. If it cannot be price then for example it can be companys attitude towards environment an d using climate-neutral transportation or products. There always must be value added for the customer. Suppliers always outnumber customers. This is a market rule. Therefore, customer has the advantage and is allowed to choose from a range of companies who offer the logistics service. The logistics industry offers similar products and customer is able to compare prices and types of services from different companies. Company has to be differentiable for the customer and unique in some way. As I indicated above price is not the only factor that influences the customer, although it is a strong influencer. It is important to create a tight and loyal relationship with the customer and offer range of services for good price and quality. There are many tools company can use to fasten the customer: special offer, favorable financial arrangements, long-term contracts, etc. Customers switching costs are dependent on the strength of the cooperation and linked tasks. Therefore companies in service delivery have to invest in modern technologies. Internet could serve as an example. It has comp letely changed the world of logistics and e-commerce has brought new financial opportunities not only for customers but for suppliers as well. Summary: Logistics industry is highly competitive and the range of products and prices is similar. Logistics companies always outnumber customers and customers very easily switch to competition. Therefore it is important to gain customers loyalty and provide benefits that would tight them to the company. It is also important to differentiate from competition and to provide offer with added value for example climate-neutral products. There are many tools company can use to fasten the customer: special offer, favorable financial arrangements, long-term contracts, etc. Customers switching costs are dependent on the strength of the cooperation and linked tasks. Modern technologies are able to tight customer to the company and increase switching costs. Bargaining Power of Suppliers HIGH In this section I would only focus on bargaining power of suppliers in Information technology area which is the most important factor for the logistics industry. Every company has to invest huge amount of money into IT to be able to stay on top. There are two types of technology used in CEP market front-office and back-office. Front-office technology represents computers, telephones, scanners, handhelds etc. and back-office technology is the more important one. It is primarily used for operational purposes of the service, it creates the network. For example: systems that help companies to improve their operational efficiency like GPS or track trace system that help to locate the parcel for the customer at any time. Investments to modern IT technologies are big and every company has to decide if it runs internal IT organization or if it outsources most of the services. In the latter case, decision of using expensive but highly skilled company or cheaper and badly skilled comp any is essential because it could potentially lead to higher cost in future. IT knowledge and skills are the core for success of the company in logistics industry. What is modern yesterday is out of date today. The threat of falling behind is present. Usually, company contracts with few companies for longer period of time. Global companies tend to supply from already existing suppliers. It is beneficial for both sides. Both supplier and the company can use buying power in favor of specialization and development in their sectors. Summary: Suppliers in IT have an advantage of skills and importance. Every company in logistics industry is dependent on its network and IT systems. Therefore companies and specifically the large companies spent big amount of money for development of Information Technologies to be able to stay on top. Company can either use internal IT organization or outsources the services. IT knowledge and skills is the core for success of the company in logistics industry. There is a constant threat of falling behind. Rivalry Among Current Competitors HIGH Rivalry among the big players is high and is very intensive especially on international level. There are many middle or small companies that represent danger and increase rivalry on local or international level. As mentioned several times it is very important for the company in order to succeed to differentiate from its competitors. One of the ways, they can do, to come up with innovative ideas. The role of Research Development department is then inevitable. Therefore it is important to employ skilled and committed people with new ideas that help the company to increase its competitive advantage. Porters Five Forces summary: Based on the Porters Five Forces analysis I have identified opportunities and threats that will be taken into account during the SWOT analysis. Threat of new entrants is very high in CEP market but existing big players have built national and international networks that provide competitive advantage against new entrants. Historical experience and appearance in the market is an advantage for companies like DHL and customers loyalty increases barriers to entry for other competitors because of long-term partnerships and contracts. Big companies and corporations use economies of scale in their favor. Bigger company can provide higher discount and have lower profit. However, bureaucracy that exists in large companies gives smaller organizations competitive advantage. Bureaucracy slows down the whole operating process. Outsourcing or off shoring are used to reduce cost and suppliers buying power is used in favor of specialization and development. Threat of substitute products is ve ry high because the range of offered products and prices in logistics industry is similar. Role of Research Development department is crucial and helps to identify what customer wants and needs and solve the problem of substitute products. Investment in Marketing and Advertising is important because these departments communicate and educate customers about brand and image. Bargaining power of customers is high because range of products and prices is similar and customers very easily switch to competition. Therefore it is important to gain customer loyalty and provide benefits and differentiate from competition. Customer has to experience the added value. Customer will not switch to competition if there is a linked relationship and dependency that would increase the switching cost. Bargaining power of Suppliers in IT is high. Logistics companies are dependent on network and IT systems. IT knowledge and skills is the core for success of the company in logistics industry. There is a constant threat of falling behind. Therefore it is important to choose right supplier. Rivalry among current competitors is high because all four biggest competitors are successfully established on international level and have experience with competition. Local or international competitors represent third of the European market and must be taken into account as well. Therefore differentiation and innovation are important for the company. The role of Research Development department is indisputable here. Internal Analysis Internal Analysis serves as a tool that tells me if company is capable to use opportunities and defend from threats that were found during the analysis of external environment. From the analysis of external environment I know that CEP market is highly competitive. Customers are demanding and request effectiveness, efficiency, speed and quality. Company that wants to succeed in this environment must have good operational network and modern technology that would support it on local and international level. Successful companies work on development of their competencies to become core competencies to get bigger competitive advantage. Competences DHL Express has been in logistics business for 40 years now and it has built its brand and business on tradition. It provides wide range of easily accessible services and solutions for their customers; from transport of letters, information to transport of parcels and goods. It operates in more than 220 countries around the world and employs more than 100,000 employees. DHL Express is number one in Europe with 25% of market share. It wants to become a Logistics company of the world. The advantage of operating globally, using of fixed routes and standardized workflows for delivery is enormous. DHL Express operates in tight cooperation with other divisions (Mail, Global Forwarding Freight and Supply Chain) which helps to better address customers needs. Modern Information Technology stands behind the success without any discussion. Customer and service support serves 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. DHL Express has built its success on committed employees and experts. DP DHL g roup belongs among the five most admired companies in the world in logistics industry. It is on fourth place just behind FedEx, UPS and TNT according to the Fortune magazine. It invests huge amount of money onto research and development area and has come up with several interesting projects aimed on employees, shareholders and customers, environment and innovations. DHL pays special attention to Marketing Sales area and presentation of their brand and image. DHL knows that educated customer and employer will bring future benefit. Core Competences Core competences represent competitive advantage of a company. They help to differentiate, be more profitable, be more successful and gain more market share. DHL works on its competences very hard to gain the competitive advantage and be the best in the Express market. They say that size is not enough and they are not the best just because of the biggest market share but also because they are able to provide the best service, innovative solutions and achieve customers satisfaction. DHL Express core competency is guaranty of the fastest delivery in a good quality anywhere. As I said in previous text the trick behind that is the network in which DHL Express operates consisting of more than 220 countries, standard routes, modern technologies, standardized procedures and processes and last but not least more than 100,000 committed employees. Further more DHLs aim is to continue in improving its core competencies and continue in innovation, quality and productivity and provide career development opportunities for their employees. And in the same time be seen as socially responsible organization. DP DHL group and subsequently DHL Express have rolled out strategic programs and initiatives that they believe drive the company forward to the future and are based on core competencies: First Choice program is focused on improvement of business processes based on customers needs. The rationale behind is to strengthen customers loyalty and intensify and broaden business with current customers. DHL also wants to change the corporate culture of DP DHL group and improve collaboration among employees across divisions and regions to provide better value to their customers. Roadmap to Value program is focused on transparency, profitability, cost reduction, performance, organic growth, sustained increase in the company value, etc. This program is aimed to make DHL first choice for customers and employees and also for investors. As mentioned several times in this paper environment and social costs are closely connected therefore DHL has rolled out a program focused on climate protection and disaster relief. It is called Go Green. The company itself set a goal to achieve 30% improvement in CO efficiency by 2020. Therefore it has implemented measures such as fleet optimization (both aircraft and ground vehicles) and expand range of climate-neutral and climate-friendly products. Additionally, the company is an official partner of United Nations organization and provides logistical support during natural disasters. The main driving force behind the programs and initiatives are people, the human resources, the organization itself. People are the great benefit that DHL Express has. Educated, skilled and smart people are the core competence that helps to move the company towards future. DHL rolled out an initiative called Discover logistics to present logistics as an exciting industry that looks into the future and introduces DHL as attractive employer. DHL uses an online career portal that is taken as an adequate and fitting recruiting tool in the age of internet. Position Audit Position Audit will tell me if DHL Express is able to take advantage of opportunities and is able to mitigate threats that were identified previously. The analysis of External environment revealed an opportunity for DHL to increase market share by merging with other logistics companies or newly liberalized companies. According to the Picture 2 third of European market is dismantled among small or medium logistics companies. Through mergers and acquisitions DHL could enlarge its network and result of having better and efficient facilities with loyal customers. DHL has assets that allow the company to go that way. Another opportunity that appeared was entrance into Emerging markets. There is potential of rapid economy growth and profit. DHL has already entered in these countries and through Marketing is working on establishing of its brand and image there. Modern age has brought changes and constant development of technology and demand. This represents a threat for the compa ny that will not be able to quickly react to those changes and the company may loose market share. As indicated in PESTLE analysis role of Research Marketing is evitable and represents must for the company. DHL invests into this area and mitigate this threat quite successfully. Economy crisis has brought slow down of economy and decrease of revenue. Every company has to deal with that threat and mitigate it. DHL is aware of that threat and is convinced that strong brand makes them safe and well-equipped for difficult times. Therefore, they plan less investments and have started working on lowering of indirect costs by cost-cutting. Therefore, they have started with restructuring and initiatives that improves cross-divisional cooperation. Social cost and responsibility of companies represents another threat for companies in terms of fines, taxes and customers perceptions. Logistics industry has significant negative effect on environment and companies responsibility is decrease the social cost by working with more efficient and environmentally friendly technology to balance it. DHL has come up with their goal Living responsibility and initiated several innovations and programs to deal with this threat (e.g. Go Green program). Research Development has played an important role in it. 21st century is the age of modern technologies and namely Information Technologies. Logistics is based on technology because speed and reliability are basics for success and to fall behind is relatively easy. DHL Express mitigates this threat by strong internal IT organization that supports the whole DHL network. Additionally, DHL uses knowledge of IT companies like Hewlett Packard and IBM to use the modernist IT tools and technology. Additionally, DHL also outsources highly skilled specialists to cooperate on innovations and innovative ideas. Roadmap to Value program helps to mitigate that risk. Threat of new entrants is very high in CEP market and DHL has to mitigate t he risk and does it very well. It has built strong national and international network that provide high competitive advantage. Experience and strong brand increase loyalty and create barriers for new companies to entry. DHL has 25% of European market share which brings an advantage of economies of scale. Possibility of more favorable prices offer, higher discounts bring new customers and help to build long-term partnerships and contracts. DHL knows about the advantage and work on it with help of Sales and Marketing and Research Development department programs First choice and Roadmap to value help to mitigate that threat. On the other hand the advantage of DHL as a big corporation has also brought more bureaucracy and slow down of processes. This is a fact and I can only confirm it as a DHL employee. Program like Roadmap to value helps to mitigate it and brings more transparency and performance. DHL has started with restructuring of the company organization that also brings cost reduction. First choice program brings more collaboration between employees and consequently brings innovations. The range of offered products in logistics industry is similar. Therefore the threat of substitute products is very high. DHL works on mitigating it through Research Development and through First Choice program. The result of the initiatives has brought identification of customers wants and needs and help to solve the problem of substitute products. DHL continues on improvement of the products and services that are in the offer. High quality together with speed and reliability are key success factors. Standardized systems, processes and workflows enable the DHL sales force to increase productivity. Again the programs Roadmap to value and First Choice is an answer to the threat of substitute products. Bargaining power of customers is very high in logistics and threat of losing customers is significant. DHL knows that therefore invest in Marketing Sales and in cons tant communication and education of customers. It has built well-established and well-managed brand that is one of the most valuable assets of any company on national or international level. First Choice program helps to align processes with customer needs and subsequently bring cost efficiency. Suppliers play an important role in logistics business, their power is high especially in IT. Information technology is a key success factor. All systems must be accessible and available at all times; unauthorized access to data or data manipulation must be prevented, and it is important to ensure that software is not developed with defects. The success of IT depends critically on employees and suppliers. DHL uses its internal IT organization and as mentioned above DHL also uses knowledge of IT companies like Hewlett Packard and IBM and outsources highly skilled specialists to cooperate on innovations and innovative ideas. Investment in that area is high but it is worth it. DHL uses knowl edge and core competencies of other companies in its favor. Rivalry in CEP market is high and DHL is aware of it. DHL Express has started working on tighter cooperation with other divisions; uses cross-divisional synergies and works on improvement of products and services through differentiation and innovation and invests in research and development. Additionally, DHL has competed to gain highly qualified specialists and managers and through First Choice program fight successfully with competition. Surveys, improvements, innovations, transparency, cooperation and restructuring is a way for DHL to mitigate the risk of high rivalry and sustainable work on maintaining and extension of its market share. SWOT Matrix OPPORTUNITIES Mergers and acquisitions Investment in Emerging markets to strengthen market position and gain new market share Investment into strategic programs Active Sales and Marketing department Improvement of products and services through innovation Specialization of products Improvement of collaboration cross-divisionally Deepen relationship with suppliers to be able to use their buying power Differentiation from competition (e.g. expand offer of climate-neutral and climate-friendly products) Intensify and broaden business with current customers to increase their dependency Customized solutions for every customer Increase productivity by strengthening of standardized systems, processes and workflows key factors quality, reliability and speed Education of customers Communication to customers Build more transparent organization by restructuring and cost-cutting initiatives Outsourcing or off shoring Be seen as socially responsible organization Become First Choice for employees Become First Choice for customers THREATS Slow down of economy due to economic crisis and lower profit Social cost and impact on environment Threat of falling behind in IT due to technology development and rapid changes High dependency on network and IT High threat of new entrants (doing business in highly demanding and attractive environment) High threat of substitute products High bargaining power of customers High rivalry among existing competitors STRENGHTS History and experience Strong brand and image Strong financial position High market share Cost advantage Global network and standardized workflows Cross-divisional experience and cooperation Standardized product portfolio Portfolio of loyal customers Broad portfolio of quality IT suppliers Very good customer support Established and strong Research Development department Strong Marketing Sales High level of technology Skilled and committed employees Very potential employer Committed employees and highly skilled specialists Official partner of United Nations WEAKNESSES Third of European market is dismantled among small and medium companies which weakens the power of DHL Express Bureaucratic environment (danger of slower processes and potential loss of customers) Wide range of customers portfolio (from individuals to big companies) Wide range of product portfolio (worse identification of targeted customer) Customers easily switch to competition No major differentiation among the major competitors (network, history, experience, customer portfolio, product portfolio) SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is process of minimizing or mitigating threats by turning them into opportunities, turning weaknesses into strengths, and matching of strengths with opportunities. Threats Economic crisis has brought slow down of economy, lower number of shipments and consequently lower revenue and profit to the organization. DHL Express is strong organization with strong brand and good financial situation that make it safe for the time-being. It is an opportunity for DHL Express to work on making the organization more transparent, less bureaucratic and restructure its organization. These initiatives would bring cost-cutting and help to financial health of the company for the future. It is also an opportunity to outsource or off shore some of IT services from suppliers and use their buying power in terms of competitive advantage. There is a big threat of falling behind due to speed of technology development and high dependency on IT and network for DHL Express. It is not possible to avoid that threat but it is important for the company to minimize it. DHL Express uses broad portfolio of quality suppliers like HP and IBM that help to minimize the risk of falling be hind. Thankfully, the dependency is two-sided. It is not only for DHL Express but also for the suppliers. It is important to deepen the cooperation and create stronger dependencies. This could be done through innovative projects held through Research Development department. As previously indicated the threat of new entrants is very high in CEP market, however, DHL Express mitigates this risk very well. It has built strong global network. It has experience, history, strong brand and very good image in the market. As a big company it has financial advantage and can offer more favorable prices and discounts to the customers. Sales Marketing and Research Development departments help to minimize that threat. Strategic programs that work on improvement, innovation, education and communication cross-divisionally, among employees and customers are the success factors. The threat of substitute products is very high in logistics and it is important to fight with this threat and diffe rentiate for the customer. Customer is interested in quality, reliability and speed; therefore it is important for DHL Express to work on specialization and provide customized solutions for customers. Good and recognizable brand brings image of quality and this is strengthen through Marketing Sales activities communication channels, advertisements, commercials and further initiatives. Customers have strong bargaining position in logistics industry because all logistics companies provide similar portfolio of products. There are many competitors on domestic and international level that are not easily recognizable for customers and therefore it is relatively easy for them to switch to competition. Customers very often rely on image of the company and its historical experience which is a big advantage for DHL Express. Therefore the investment into Marketing Sales is important and work on further development in

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